Pandas Profiling Report

Overview
Reproduction

Dataset statistics

Number of variables	15
Number of observations	1000000
Missing cells	0
Missing cells (%)	0.0%
Duplicate rows	0
Duplicate rows (%)	0.0%
Total size in memory	107.8 MiB
Average record size in memory	113.0 B

Variable types

NUM	14
CAT	1

Reproduction

Analysis started	2020-07-31 08:04:18.952002
Analysis finished	2020-07-31 08:10:38.903841
Duration	6 minutes and 19.95 seconds
Version	pandas-profiling v2.8.0
Command line	`pandas_profiling --config_file config.yaml [YOUR_FILE.csv]`
Download configuration	config.yaml

symboling
Categorical

Distinct count	7
Unique (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	976.9 KiB

0	289560
1	273678
2	180133
-1	124271
3	86914
Other values (2)	45444

Common Values
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	289560	29.0%
1	273678	27.4%
2	180133	18.0%
-1	124271	12.4%
3	86914	8.7%
-2	31241	3.1%
-3	14203	1.4%

Length

Max length	2
Median length	1
Mean length	1.169715
Min length	1

normalized-losses
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	995457
Unique (%)	99.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	120.70330671815898
Minimum	40.534787
Maximum	282.388034
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	7.6 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	40.534787
5-th percentile	74.87666125
Q1	95.43048225
median	113.370858
Q3	142.4856448
95-th percentile	190.62502
Maximum	282.388034
Range	241.853247
Interquartile range (IQR)	47.0551625

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	35.13634235
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2910967669
Kurtosis	-0.002705286066
Mean	120.7033067
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	22.6180315
Skewness	0.7632331042
Sum	120703306.7
Variance	1234.562553

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
102.181633	3	< 0.1%
114.517639	3	< 0.1%
77.918621	3	< 0.1%
143.0425	3	< 0.1%
77.851703	3	< 0.1%
93.976843	3	< 0.1%
97.173023	3	< 0.1%
96.152531	3	< 0.1%
101.244996	3	< 0.1%
115.482465	3	< 0.1%
Other values (995447)	999970	> 99.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
40.534787	1	< 0.1%
41.68983	1	< 0.1%
42.158735	1	< 0.1%
43.4863	1	< 0.1%
45.313506	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
282.388034	1	< 0.1%
273.394494	1	< 0.1%
271.267575	1	< 0.1%
269.739521	1	< 0.1%
269.445637	1	< 0.1%

wheel-base
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	958623
Unique (%)	95.9%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	98.06851651822105
Minimum	82.937917
Maximum	120.491583
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	7.6 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	82.937917
5-th percentile	91.4276658
Q1	94.8503675
median	96.756566
Q3	100.353569
95-th percentile	108.7662701
Maximum	120.491583
Range	37.553666
Interquartile range (IQR)	5.5032015

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	5.07963421
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.05179678852
Kurtosis	0.4516140198
Mean	98.06851652
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	2.4060295
Skewness	0.9574328535
Sum	98068516.52
Variance	25.80268371

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
92.862593	5	< 0.1%
95.227388	5	< 0.1%
94.939058	4	< 0.1%
96.853068	4	< 0.1%
96.680891	4	< 0.1%
96.730316	4	< 0.1%
95.406188	4	< 0.1%
96.603548	4	< 0.1%
97.024539	4	< 0.1%
96.816832	4	< 0.1%
Other values (958613)	999958	> 99.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
82.937917	1	< 0.1%
83.602043	1	< 0.1%
84.037243	1	< 0.1%
84.289896	1	< 0.1%
84.454539	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
120.491583	1	< 0.1%
120.379685	1	< 0.1%
120.018509	1	< 0.1%
119.694157	1	< 0.1%
119.098644	1	< 0.1%

length
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	984262
Unique (%)	98.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	172.2793806400221
Minimum	135.551814
Maximum	207.326158
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	7.6 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	135.551814
5-th percentile	152.8070862
Q1	166.1661565
median	172.262017
Q3	178.966987
95-th percentile	191.2034415
Maximum	207.326158
Range	71.774344
Interquartile range (IQR)	12.8008305

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	11.11342729
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.06450816834
Kurtosis	-0.344536897
Mean	172.2793806
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	6.3250765
Skewness	-0.0366286563
Sum	172279380.6
Variance	123.5082661

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
171.915057	4	< 0.1%
172.891985	4	< 0.1%
171.880064	4	< 0.1%
153.043085	4	< 0.1%
166.938104	3	< 0.1%
172.99327	3	< 0.1%
170.454238	3	< 0.1%
172.776458	3	< 0.1%
173.243836	3	< 0.1%
173.757012	3	< 0.1%
Other values (984252)	999966	> 99.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
135.551814	1	< 0.1%
135.858935	1	< 0.1%
136.157776	1	< 0.1%
136.314246	1	< 0.1%
136.331646	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
207.326158	1	< 0.1%
206.549537	1	< 0.1%
205.929732	1	< 0.1%
204.795305	1	< 0.1%
203.402317	1	< 0.1%

width
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	890886
Unique (%)	89.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	65.55292421936302
Minimum	61.012905
Maximum	74.819282
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	7.6 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	61.012905
5-th percentile	63.1373288
Q1	64.16206375
median	65.350526
Q3	66.387642
95-th percentile	69.51359005
Maximum	74.819282
Range	13.806377
Interquartile range (IQR)	2.22557825

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1.888488794
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.02880861253
Kurtosis	0.57168452
Mean	65.55292422
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1.132618
Skewness	0.9454372789
Sum	65552924.22
Variance	3.566389926

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
65.386533	8	< 0.1%
65.383334	7	< 0.1%
65.33898	7	< 0.1%
65.447525	6	< 0.1%
65.422335	6	< 0.1%
65.360246	6	< 0.1%
65.346851	6	< 0.1%
65.373219	6	< 0.1%
65.333824	6	< 0.1%
65.411186	6	< 0.1%
Other values (890876)	999936	> 99.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
61.012905	1	< 0.1%
61.024455	1	< 0.1%
61.027899	1	< 0.1%
61.075525	1	< 0.1%
61.077771	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
74.819282	1	< 0.1%
74.713426	1	< 0.1%
74.19741	1	< 0.1%
74.129775	1	< 0.1%
74.102701	1	< 0.1%

height
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	935857
Unique (%)	93.6%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	53.873614720735
Minimum	47.830953
Maximum	62.224857
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	7.6 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	47.830953
5-th percentile	50.2856807
Q1	52.3209935
median	53.946569
Q3	55.3061815
95-th percentile	57.8678307
Maximum	62.224857
Range	14.393904
Interquartile range (IQR)	2.985188

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	2.255409585
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.04186482746
Kurtosis	-0.4408612577
Mean	53.87361472
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1.5011835
Skewness	0.1882725852
Sum	53873614.72
Variance	5.086872396

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
52.274748	5	< 0.1%
55.143232	5	< 0.1%
53.714244	4	< 0.1%
54.705473	4	< 0.1%
54.84929	4	< 0.1%
55.066925	4	< 0.1%
52.304852	4	< 0.1%
52.605388	4	< 0.1%
55.490885	4	< 0.1%
52.290193	4	< 0.1%
Other values (935847)	999958	> 99.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
47.830953	1	< 0.1%
47.890499	1	< 0.1%
47.943158	1	< 0.1%
48.024727	1	< 0.1%
48.112476	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
62.224857	1	< 0.1%
62.157243	1	< 0.1%
62.150985	1	< 0.1%
62.149963	1	< 0.1%
62.074271	1	< 0.1%

curb-weight
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	999672
Unique (%)	> 99.9%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	2450.2383411871415
Minimum	1488.079382
Maximum	4365.473381
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	7.6 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1488.079382
5-th percentile	1845.645156
Q1	2094.865045
median	2345.431832
Q3	2749.398274
95-th percentile	3385.17949
Maximum	4365.473381
Range	2877.393999
Interquartile range (IQR)	654.5332285

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	471.8533317
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.1925744625
Kurtosis	-0.1542935494
Mean	2450.238341
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	308.7316065
Skewness	0.7621834777
Sum	2450238341
Variance	222645.5666

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2316.554523	2	< 0.1%
2309.546845	2	< 0.1%
2035.897823	2	< 0.1%
1878.244326	2	< 0.1%
2750.351516	2	< 0.1%
2836.872694	2	< 0.1%
2020.742304	2	< 0.1%
2125.350915	2	< 0.1%
2183.055035	2	< 0.1%
2219.263314	2	< 0.1%
Other values (999662)	999980	> 99.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1488.079382	1	< 0.1%
1503.701279	1	< 0.1%
1508.525315	1	< 0.1%
1511.797107	1	< 0.1%
1513.030986	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4365.473381	1	< 0.1%
4300.658928	1	< 0.1%
4275.329993	1	< 0.1%
4268.89444	1	< 0.1%
4266.851729	1	< 0.1%

engine-size
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	986280
Unique (%)	98.6%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	117.98050930962303
Minimum	47.038906
Maximum	270.101636
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	7.6 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	47.038906
5-th percentile	85.8324626
Q1	97.334543
median	109.1238825
Q3	127.555666
95-th percentile	183.2597272
Maximum	270.101636
Range	223.06273
Interquartile range (IQR)	30.221123

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	29.56153817
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2505628967
Kurtosis	1.339278696
Mean	117.9805093
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	13.5551745
Skewness	1.342225846
Sum	117980509.3
Variance	873.884539

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
108.370474	4	< 0.1%
108.349055	4	< 0.1%
109.043763	4	< 0.1%
109.193469	4	< 0.1%
99.50827	4	< 0.1%
109.477626	4	< 0.1%
97.339492	3	< 0.1%
107.813734	3	< 0.1%
109.009979	3	< 0.1%
108.445035	3	< 0.1%
Other values (986270)	999964	> 99.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
47.038906	1	< 0.1%
52.63709	1	< 0.1%
53.738905	1	< 0.1%
55.538281	1	< 0.1%
56.875476	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
270.101636	1	< 0.1%
267.26822	1	< 0.1%
267.000231	1	< 0.1%
266.23328	1	< 0.1%
266.201796	1	< 0.1%

bore
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	612985
Unique (%)	61.3%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	3.3017691945530006
Minimum	2.596391
Maximum	4.051284
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	7.6 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	2.596391
5-th percentile	2.908112
Q1	3.10495
median	3.250946
Q3	3.52834875
95-th percentile	3.73413105
Maximum	4.051284
Range	1.454893
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.42339875

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.2628983532
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.07962347992
Kurtosis	-0.9976579628
Mean	3.301769195
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.201378
Skewness	0.2064503862
Sum	3301769.195
Variance	0.06911554409

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3.151921	10	< 0.1%
3.14885	10	< 0.1%
3.208548	9	< 0.1%
3.254682	9	< 0.1%
3.148043	9	< 0.1%
3.146852	9	< 0.1%
3.12833	9	< 0.1%
3.184692	9	< 0.1%
3.235669	9	< 0.1%
3.213708	9	< 0.1%
Other values (612975)	999908	> 99.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2.596391	1	< 0.1%
2.598211	1	< 0.1%
2.604898	1	< 0.1%
2.610413	1	< 0.1%
2.610481	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4.051284	1	< 0.1%
4.051191	1	< 0.1%
4.033533	1	< 0.1%
4.033516	1	< 0.1%
4.033015	1	< 0.1%

stroke
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	598812
Unique (%)	59.9%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	3.239506486957
Minimum	1.710764
Maximum	4.184797
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	7.6 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1.710764
5-th percentile	2.6147529
Q1	3.11806875
median	3.278242
Q3	3.421419
95-th percentile	3.67668615
Maximum	4.184797
Range	2.474033
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.30335025

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.30054921
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.09277623342
Kurtosis	1.144027532
Mean	3.239506487
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.149862
Skewness	-0.8735938003
Sum	3239506.487
Variance	0.09032982763

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3.418763	13	< 0.1%
3.404794	13	< 0.1%
3.418811	12	< 0.1%
3.401461	12	< 0.1%
3.404108	12	< 0.1%
3.404311	11	< 0.1%
3.427737	11	< 0.1%
3.413743	11	< 0.1%
3.430678	11	< 0.1%
3.409931	11	< 0.1%
Other values (598802)	999883	> 99.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1.710764	1	< 0.1%
1.715495	1	< 0.1%
1.71737	1	< 0.1%
1.729503	1	< 0.1%
1.763756	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4.184797	1	< 0.1%
4.171517	1	< 0.1%
4.168628	1	< 0.1%
4.166581	1	< 0.1%
4.164488	1	< 0.1%

compression-ratio
Real number (ℝ)

Distinct count	649974
Unique (%)	65.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	10.116499157775996
Minimum	-12.104269
Maximum	43.255678
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	7.6 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	-12.104269
5-th percentile	7.5036708
Q1	8.6460055
median	9
Q3	9.35974625
95-th percentile	19.70514305
Maximum	43.255678
Range	55.359947
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.71374075

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	3.908532595
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.3863522879
Kurtosis	7.636462709
Mean	10.11649916
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.3571715
Skewness	2.591073397
Sum	10116499.16
Variance	15.27662705

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
9	223288	22.3%
9.367976	8	< 0.1%
8.679094	8	< 0.1%
9.344802	8	< 0.1%
8.707704	7	< 0.1%
9.351552	7	< 0.1%
9.293021	7	< 0.1%
9.348654	7	< 0.1%
8.704204	7	< 0.1%
9.313152	7	< 0.1%
Other values (649964)	776646	77.7%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-12.104269	1	< 0.1%
-10.428191	1	< 0.1%
-10.295051	1	< 0.1%
-10.159511	1	< 0.1%
-10.018769	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
43.255678	1	< 0.1%
42.114537	1	< 0.1%
41.55852	1	< 0.1%
41.124101	1	< 0.1%
40.632899	1	< 0.1%

horsepower
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	993654
Unique (%)	99.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	95.22985335323202
Minimum	36.841507
Maximum	232.513224
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	7.6 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	36.841507
5-th percentile	59.8742576
Q1	71.392133
median	89.191517
Q3	111.3747885
95-th percentile	157.9234415
Maximum	232.513224
Range	195.671717
Interquartile range (IQR)	39.9826555

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	29.84007262
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.3133478795
Kurtosis	0.3936710173
Mean	95.22985335
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	19.5609885
Skewness	0.9615700689
Sum	95229853.35
Variance	890.4299338

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
74.83921	3	< 0.1%
70.714781	3	< 0.1%
96.086838	3	< 0.1%
76.434991	3	< 0.1%
74.677608	3	< 0.1%
90.695519	3	< 0.1%
72.107417	3	< 0.1%
88.383343	3	< 0.1%
67.683882	3	< 0.1%
115.796159	3	< 0.1%
Other values (993644)	999970	> 99.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
36.841507	1	< 0.1%
37.989707	1	< 0.1%
39.100047	1	< 0.1%
39.426082	1	< 0.1%
39.759405	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
232.513224	1	< 0.1%
231.766237	1	< 0.1%
226.677513	1	< 0.1%
224.542844	1	< 0.1%
223.739673	1	< 0.1%

peak-rpm
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	795296
Unique (%)	79.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	5059.449083098581
Minimum	3576.659759
Maximum	6975.934291
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	7.6 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	3576.659759
5-th percentile	4246.949641
Q1	4800
median	5107.621803
Q3	5355.311259
95-th percentile	5847.253443
Maximum	6975.934291
Range	3399.274532
Interquartile range (IQR)	555.3112593

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	468.8905008
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.09267619718
Kurtosis	-0.3372159325
Mean	5059.449083
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	307.621803
Skewness	-0.04756327049
Sum	5059449083
Variance	219858.3018

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4800	204432	20.4%
5185.723765	2	< 0.1%
4431.635038	2	< 0.1%
5333.175511	2	< 0.1%
5853.162398	2	< 0.1%
5106.028835	2	< 0.1%
5091.000817	2	< 0.1%
5311.804377	2	< 0.1%
5278.714461	2	< 0.1%
5052.780838	2	< 0.1%
Other values (795286)	795550	79.6%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3576.659759	1	< 0.1%
3591.985613	1	< 0.1%
3627.490818	1	< 0.1%
3627.875879	1	< 0.1%
3628.07352	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
6975.934291	1	< 0.1%
6950.962767	1	< 0.1%
6779.007737	1	< 0.1%
6774.902314	1	< 0.1%
6772.684643	1	< 0.1%

city-mpg
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	971550
Unique (%)	97.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	26.530282290655002
Minimum	9.229116
Maximum	58.519152
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	7.6 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	9.229116
5-th percentile	17.74742855
Q1	22.9404365
median	26.1711805
Q3	29.58167275
95-th percentile	37.7468223
Maximum	58.519152
Range	49.290036
Interquartile range (IQR)	6.64123625

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	5.877974145
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2215571655
Kurtosis	0.09416799495
Mean	26.53028229
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	3.311382
Skewness	0.5314613908
Sum	26530282.29
Variance	34.55058005

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
25.923419	4	< 0.1%
26.564778	4	< 0.1%
26.369762	4	< 0.1%
26.555285	4	< 0.1%
29.510816	4	< 0.1%
27.397433	4	< 0.1%
26.352379	4	< 0.1%
23.093315	4	< 0.1%
23.903483	4	< 0.1%
25.914599	4	< 0.1%
Other values (971540)	999960	> 99.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
9.229116	1	< 0.1%
12.38302	1	< 0.1%
12.604281	1	< 0.1%
12.625376	1	< 0.1%
12.626523	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
58.519152	1	< 0.1%
53.644571	1	< 0.1%
53.236547	1	< 0.1%
52.306984	1	< 0.1%
51.819629	1	< 0.1%

highway-mpg
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	972668
Unique (%)	97.3%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	32.01049234188199
Minimum	14.015803
Maximum	61.303145
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	7.6 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	14.015803
5-th percentile	22.3859976
Q1	28.28621525
median	31.910125
Q3	35.48576275
95-th percentile	43.8822787
Maximum	61.303145
Range	47.287342
Interquartile range (IQR)	7.1995475

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	6.156265082
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.1923202248
Kurtosis	0.3881314078
Mean	32.01049234
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	3.6015115
Skewness	0.4990222171
Sum	32010492.34
Variance	37.89959976

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
31.917286	5	< 0.1%
28.61701	5	< 0.1%
29.139959	4	< 0.1%
32.198521	4	< 0.1%
32.600114	4	< 0.1%
32.593874	4	< 0.1%
29.483336	4	< 0.1%
31.930899	4	< 0.1%
37.124402	4	< 0.1%
29.356631	4	< 0.1%
Other values (972658)	999958	> 99.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
14.015803	1	< 0.1%
15.573406	1	< 0.1%
15.750687	1	< 0.1%
15.759329	1	< 0.1%
15.837289	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
61.303145	1	< 0.1%
60.718755	1	< 0.1%
60.651686	1	< 0.1%
60.566407	1	< 0.1%
60.487042	1	< 0.1%

Pearson's r

The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.

To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Spearman's ρ

The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.

To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Kendall's τ

Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.

To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.

Phik (φk)

Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.

Count
Matrix

First rows

	symboling	normalized-losses	wheel-base	length	width	height	curb-weight	engine-size	bore	stroke	compression-ratio	horsepower	peak-rpm	city-mpg	highway-mpg
0	0	145.906176	90.576742	164.257910	65.339016	55.257411	2119.914136	108.063442	3.659766	3.413379	7.431662	126.769640	4800.000000	16.998459	21.094419
1	-1	92.733744	105.905393	187.256268	68.851686	53.507441	3086.763228	89.138707	3.693169	3.436936	9.335766	85.199136	5954.208367	16.835254	23.957619
2	0	87.620269	96.992974	172.988044	65.355847	55.275391	2353.623357	109.261573	3.481147	3.409794	8.625902	64.963110	5207.825450	27.964604	32.979688
3	2	107.851112	96.083754	166.746214	65.499869	51.568524	3117.821531	99.979531	3.598569	3.461714	10.262772	77.154984	4076.997829	26.991856	31.718865
4	3	149.361994	99.346480	178.441091	66.346505	51.047962	2602.065082	197.328140	3.069738	3.324375	9.444737	133.745785	4800.000000	14.244346	22.570794
5	2	98.334510	96.406994	183.504849	64.731031	57.999769	2396.758680	97.458361	3.576548	3.408376	12.929740	67.933822	4800.000000	39.488866	28.457586
6	1	96.619522	94.684346	150.833722	63.185266	52.068419	2050.941815	90.226273	3.045585	3.345146	9.362339	64.379631	5954.970776	28.017328	28.402865
7	1	117.263816	99.025148	152.619765	68.666973	56.014758	1783.952625	131.805892	2.906997	3.417757	8.267729	159.537591	5288.499176	24.071256	33.062782
8	2	99.157131	96.708796	180.172684	63.930420	52.796516	2760.344910	99.853330	3.167853	3.303717	9.264914	147.308582	4800.000000	17.041798	25.763443
9	2	131.848350	93.529253	159.268335	63.470886	52.520844	2019.713633	92.211237	2.874809	3.404221	9.000000	70.983376	5279.593350	29.332414	36.756228

Last rows

	symboling	normalized-losses	wheel-base	length	width	height	curb-weight	engine-size	bore	stroke	compression-ratio	horsepower	peak-rpm	city-mpg	highway-mpg
999990	1	115.402159	90.570079	163.839023	64.445463	54.529805	1908.596845	87.894701	2.889040	2.828961	9.000000	54.495953	4800.000000	40.967622	41.850046
999991	-1	131.995869	96.812853	170.940698	65.397087	52.633467	3409.854862	109.116760	3.154569	3.368657	8.628101	114.032494	4087.143614	19.244789	27.106228
999992	-1	126.874412	103.744737	172.070084	64.225101	55.864744	2280.330639	97.591499	3.127087	3.308171	9.000000	70.595923	4800.000000	29.085576	35.831991
999993	1	114.341019	95.291598	170.935406	64.245729	50.630898	2015.355497	97.459511	3.339956	3.174657	8.660770	74.109929	5459.688970	34.438976	43.471154
999994	1	164.528877	89.452779	158.822803	63.923670	54.639922	2099.041447	97.797166	3.497598	2.914149	9.000000	108.367333	4800.000000	22.674282	30.037071
999995	1	131.889643	94.683822	152.600348	63.753260	55.058248	1898.035998	94.051597	3.135750	2.333443	9.000000	64.637229	5215.317878	39.611105	32.011279
999996	1	111.525916	94.187341	164.683562	64.375117	50.068405	1838.700404	86.107942	3.260747	3.388072	7.344748	63.710452	5356.350668	41.574036	36.153130
999997	3	142.307625	111.712965	189.704961	68.347307	52.333088	2750.380050	166.112965	3.166962	3.328309	9.272152	146.966438	5207.106730	29.562491	32.558169
999998	1	83.784384	92.137350	188.034886	65.029247	52.375108	2322.327103	101.061642	3.189305	3.054712	8.763895	68.864198	5201.943517	24.321078	36.973930
999999	2	101.334427	108.081357	171.797371	63.758830	55.065116	2122.465426	89.663024	2.846550	3.396919	8.020933	67.234099	5226.270626	27.434386	34.196120

Overview

Variables

Interactions

Correlations

Pearson's r

Spearman's ρ

Kendall's τ

Phik (φk)

Missing values

Sample

First rows

Last rows